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1.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol ; 28(3): 258-264, 2021 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33115293

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To identify the sociodemographic, clinical, and environmental factors associated with recurrences in ocular toxoplasmosis (OT). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients who consulted in the Health Centre at Universidad del Quindío between 2004 and 2017. Patients with retinochoroiditis due to Toxoplasma gondii infection and follow up >12 months were included. Comparisons were made with a recurrence index adjusted for months of follow up. For the statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were performed in Epi Info 7.2 and SPSS 14.0. A statistical significance is shown if p ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 58 patients were included, with median age of 28 years (range 1-61) and 55.1% were women. The median of recurrences was 1.4 (range 0.6-16.6). High recurrence index was present in 43.1% of the patients. A higher size of lesions was observed in low socioeconomic groups (p = .016) and patients with congenital infection had more bilateral compromise (p = .002). Intake of boiled water was related to a lower recurrence index (p = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Low socioeconomic level was associated with bigger lesions and congenital infection was related with higher frequency of bilateral OT. Finally, intake of boiled water is related to a lower recurrence index of OT.


Assuntos
Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmose Ocular , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Toxoplasmose Ocular/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmose Ocular/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
2.
Parasite ; 27: 25, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32302287

RESUMO

The high prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in the human population in Colombia has been linked to the existence of a high density of urban stray cats, exposing the whole population to a high density of oocysts. The goal of this study was to determine the DNA prevalence of T. gondii by conventional PCR and to phylogenetically analyze ROP18 sequences from positive samples in domestic cat (Felis catus) fecal samples in the city of Armenia, Quindío. Fecal samples from 140 cats were collected from 10 districts around the city. Samples were concentrated using Ritchie's method and analyzed through optical microscopy. Concentrates were used for DNA extraction followed by nested PCR amplification for T. gondii gene B1. PCR for ROP18 was performed on all B1 positive samples; the ROP18 sequences obtained were related to the Archetype I Brazilian and Chinese strains. No oocysts were detected by optical microscopy; however, 17.8% (25/140) B1 and 24% (6/25) ROP18 PCR-positive samples were detected. Phylogenetic analyses showed that isolates clustered into a single group. We assessed whether associations existed between T. gondii positive fecal samples and survey variables such as cat healthcare and socioeconomic characteristics of owners, but no statistically significant associations were found. The presence of T. gondii in cat feces is an important factor contributing to the high prevalence in the human population of this city.


TITLE: Détection d'ADN et génotypes de Toxoplasma gondii dans les fèces de chats domestiques en Colombie. ABSTRACT: La forte prévalence de Toxoplasma gondii dans la population humaine en Colombie a été liée à l'existence d'une forte densité de chats errants urbains, exposant l'ensemble de la population à une forte densité d'oocystes. Le but de ce travail était de déterminer la prévalence de l'ADN de T. gondii par PCR conventionnelle et d'analyser phylogénétiquement les séquences ROP18 d'échantillons positifs dans des échantillons fécaux de chat domestique (Felis catus) dans la ville d'Armenia, Quindío. Des échantillons fécaux de 140 chats ont été collectés dans 10 districts de la ville. Les échantillons ont été concentrés en utilisant la méthode de Ritchie et analysés par microscopie optique. Des concentrés ont été utilisés pour l'extraction d'ADN suivie d'une amplification par PCR nichée pour le gène B1 de T. gondii. La PCR pour ROP18 a été réalisée sur tous les échantillons positifs pour B1 ; les séquences ROP18 obtenues étaient apparentées aux souches Archétype I brésiliennes et chinoises. Aucun oocyste n'a été détecté par microscopie optique mais les échantillons étaient positifs par PCR pour 17,8 % (25/140) pour B1 et 24 % (6/25) pour ROP18. Les analyses phylogénétiques ont montré que les isolats formaient un seul groupe. Nous avons évalué s'il existait des associations entre des échantillons fécaux positifs à T. gondii et des variables d'enquête telles que les soins de santé des chats et les caractéristiques socioéconomiques des propriétaires, mais aucune association statistiquement significative n'a été trouvée. La présence de T. gondii dans les excréments de chats est un facteur important contribuant à la forte prévalence dans la population humaine de cette ville.


Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/epidemiologia , Gatos/parasitologia , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Toxoplasma/genética , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Animais , Doenças do Gato/parasitologia , Colômbia/epidemiologia , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Genótipo , Masculino , Oocistos/genética , Oocistos/fisiologia , Animais de Estimação/parasitologia , Filogenia , Prevalência , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética , Proteínas de Protozoários , Toxoplasma/isolamento & purificação
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